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English Language Arts/ Teacher Training
(Re)Active Praxis: Valuing Linguistic Diversity: Transforming the Teaching of Grammar for Rural Preservice Secondary English Teachers
This essay examines how I reconfigured a required applied grammar course taken by preservice teachers at the university where I teach. Because a significant number of the preservice teachers I work with come from and will teach in rural areas in the southern Appalachian region the course redesign aimed to increase their confidence in their own language abilities and prepare them for the linguistic diversity they will find in their future classrooms. Drawing on research by linguists especially Black English scholars and using a combination of systemic functional linguistics and linguistic pragmatics I explore how and why I transformed a traditionally taught grammar course to one that values linguistic plurality.
Research: Reading The Serpent King to Connect to Students’ Lives and Experiences in Rural Contexts
In this article the authors describe a qualitative case study of one secondary teacher and her ninth-grade students in the rural Northwest reading Jeff Zentner’s novel The Serpent King. This work is situated in the recently developed theory of Critical Rural English Pedagogy which highlights the import of devoting attention to the unique aspects of rural life as well as having students critique and analyze related representations. Researchers collected the focal teachers’ lesson plans activities handouts and student work and observed class discussion seminars once per week. They also conducted three semi-structured interviews with the teacher and engaged in weekly informal conversations with her. Through open and thematic coding they discerned how the teacher constructed a culturally affirming and rich unit that honored her students’ lives and allowed them a space for validation and storytelling. Implications for pre- and inservice teachers are shared including this illustration as a model for Critical Rural English Pedagogy a group often missing from this scholarship.
Research: Archival Encounters via Podcasts: Diversity and Voice in Practice
This study reveals the affordances and limitations of introducing a new instructional framework—archival-based pedagogy—into a digital literacies course for English language arts educators in the fall of 2020 in the midst of COVID-19. Its purpose was to document how seven students in the course went about choosing archival content for the podcasts they created as part of their final project. The conceptual framework of artifactual critical literacy guided the study’s methodology analysis and interpretation of the participants’ descriptions of how the archival artifacts they selected became centerpieces in their podcasts and reflected their personal and/or professional identities. Findings from the study are presented through the seven participants’ narrative reflections created during the spring of 2021. Implications are discussed for furthering archival-based pedagogy as a curricular alternative to traditional online teaching and learning.
Research: Connections Matter: Building Engagement in Online Learning Spaces
This article documents the yearlong inquiry of a high school English teacher in New York City who participated in a networked professional learning community (PLC) of English educators exploring the question “How do we engage students in remote and hybrid learning situations in the current sociopolitical context?” Forced to teach remotely the teacher focused on building connections among her students using their feedback as a primary tool to design and improve responsive instruction. Through participation in the PLC and feedback from her students the teacher learned important lessons from others with others on behalf of her students and about her own processes of learning and thinking. This teacher’s journey offers several lessons for teacher education grounded in the influences of ecology and affective interactions on student engagement.
(Re)Active Praxis: Navigating the Hyphens in Teacher Education during the Pandemic: Three English Educators Reflect
In this essay three teacher educators explore their individual pandemic-imposed online “zippered borders” (Fine 1994 p. 71). Their reflections on navigating the challenges that the past two years created for them and their students resulted in a deeper understanding of the hyphens of teaching various literacy and English language arts methods courses in a virtual setting. The authors’ respective journeys and collaborative sense-making of their commonalities provide critical insights and perhaps some inspiration for others to reflect and consider how our best efforts as teacher educators are still always in the hyphens.
Research: “Can Someone Please Say Something?”: Avoiding Chaos in a Virtual Environment
This study investigated the experiences of preservice secondary English language arts (ELA) teacher candidates (n=12) as they attempted to complete their crucial student teaching field experience during the 2020–2021 pandemic crises. In addition it looked at their university supervisors’ (n=3) experiences as they sought to mentor and guide the teacher candidates through a virtual environment. Findings indicated both positive and negative consequences for participants. Overall the student teachers and university supervisors remained optimistic about the internship experience and found value in it. Yet the complexities of schedules digital platforms and expectations took a heavy toll with one student dropping out and another deciding to go to law school after finishing their education degree. Implications for supporting student teachers and mentors in virtual environments are included along with recommendations for future research on promoting the cultivation of digital pedagogy in ELA preservice coursework.
(Re)Active Praxis: Humanizing Online English Teacher Education through Critical Digital Pedagogy
As English teacher educators who research and experiment with digital literacies in the classroom we felt prepared for many of the pedagogical and technical aspects of the shift to emergency remote teaching. However the realities of teaching and learning in a society under widespread long-term stress illuminated the necessity of addressing the social and emotional toll of the pandemic in our teaching as well.
(Re)Active Praxis: Setting the Standard in Antiracist/Antibias Instruction in English Language Arts and Teacher Education
In this essay Christian Z. Goering shares his reaction to the new NCTE Standards for the Initial Preparation of Teachers of English Language Arts 7–12 (Initial Licensure) as co-chair of the 2019–2021 NCTE Steering Committee for the ELA 7–12 Preparation Standards past chair of ELATE and current teacher educator. Believing that these standards have the ability to challenge and change what it means to teach ELA he considers how students faculty and the field can take up and embrace antiracist/antibias instruction. Editor’s note: Goering originally contributed this piece in October 2020 then revised it in October 2021 in preparation for the official release of the new standards.
Research: “Writing is so much more than just writing in English”: Teacher Candidates Taking Up Translanguaging in a Teacher-as-Writer Experience
Teacher-as-writer experiences in which teacher candidates engage deeply in their own writing and consider its implications for their pedagogies are common features of writing methods courses. However most existing research on these assignments has focused on the experiences of educators who write and will teach exclusively in English. We explore the experiences of bilingual teacher candidates who engaged in a teacher-as-writer assignment in our writing methods course which we redesigned through the lens of translanguaging pedagogies (García et al. 2016). Drawing on theories of translanguaging (García 2009) and raciolinguistic ideologies (Flores & Rosa 2015) we describe how two teacher candidates experienced invitations to compose across languages in ways that were simultaneously empowering and complicated. Ultimately through this article we seek to bring needed recognition of linguistic and racial diversity to discussions of teacher-as-writer experiences and to highlight the pedagogical potential of translanguaging in writing teacher education.
(Re)Active Praxis: A Year’s Long Journey into the 2021 English Language Arts Teacher Preparation Standards
In this article the three co-chairs of the 2019–2021 Steering Committee for the English Language Arts (ELA) 7–12 Preparation Standards share the history development and meaning of the recently adopted 2021 NCTE Standards for the Initial Preparation of Teachers of English Language Arts 7–12 (Initial Licensure).
Research: An Interconnected Framework for Assessment of Digital Multimodal Composition
Drawing from the Beliefs for Integrating Technology into the English Language Arts Classroom as well as prior scholarship on digitally mediated communication rhetorical studies and composition assessment and digital literacies this theoretical article presents a framework for creating and assessing digital multimodal compositions. The Interconnected Framework for Assessment of Digital Multimodal Composition conceptualizes digital multimodal composing through three interconnected and layered domains: audience mode and meaning and originality. Though the three domains are defined individually they are inextricably linked within the recursive processes and products of digital multimodal composing to contribute to intended meaning. The authors describe and justify the domains present assessment considerations and conclude with implications for practice and suggestions for designing assessments relevant to context and task.