Focus on Research: Using What We Know about Language and Literacy Development for ESL Students in the Mainstream Classroom

Reviews recent research about literacy development, the development of English-language proficiency, and the social, academic, and emotional challenges of entering a new culture. Recommends and describes instructional practices for teaching second-language learners in integrated settings. Focuses on writing, discussion, and scaffolding in the areas of background knowledge, vocabulary, and communication, stressing their importance to the literacy development of second-language students.